Journal title JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) Initials JBIO Online Since 2016 Grade Accredited Sinta 3 Journal; decree No. 85/M/KPT/2020 Frequency 2 Issues per Year (April and November) Online ISSN 2540-802X Editor-in-chief Yakobus Bustami (Scopus ID: 57194697472) Managing Editor Anyan (Sinta ID: 5999449) Publisher Department of Research and Community Service of STKIP Persada Khatulistiwa Sintang DOI Prefix 10.31932 by Indexed Sinta|Â Google Schoolar|Â Index Copernicus|Garuda|Â BASE|Dimensions JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) is a scientific journal published by Department of Research and Community Service of STKIP Persada Khatulistiwa Sintang with e-ISSN 2540-802X receiving manuscripts contribution that have never been published or sent to other journals related biology and biology education with the topics: (1) teaching and learning; (2) case study, lesson study, classroom action research, experiments, and others; (3) education curriculum; (4) learning evaluation; (5) learning media; (6) development of teaching materials; (7) school management or laboratory management; (8) problems / trends in the field of education; and (9) biological sciences. JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) was published twice a year, on April and November and at least 5 articles per issue. This journal written in English. All submitted manuscripts will be initially reviewed by editors and are then evaluated by two reviewers through the double-blind review process. National accredited Sinta 3 by the Ministry of Research-Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia with decree Number 85/M/KPT/2020.
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Light source effects on egg production and performance modeling of kub chickens
Lighting intensity strongly influences reproductive physiology and productivity in laying hens. This study examined the effects of different light intensities and lamp types on egg production traits in KUB chickens and modeled production dynamics using nonlinear regression. Four treatments were tested: control, 5-watt blue LED, 5-watt incandescent, and 5-watt white LED. Daily egg count, Hen Day Production (HDP), total egg weight, and average egg weight were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD. Results showed that higher light intensities significantly increased egg count, HDP, and total egg weight (p < 0.05), while average egg weight remained unchanged. Logistic models best fit incandescent and white LED groups, whereas blue LED data aligned with an Exponential model. White LEDs offer an energy-efficient option for improving productivity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yadi Oktariansyah, Afni Salhsa Billa, Masito Masito
Local wisdom of manongkah kerang as biology learning context in independent curriculum: A narrative review
Local wisdom holds significant potential as a contextual biology learning resource, yet its integration into the Independent Curriculum remains underexplored, particularly in coastal communities. This study aims to examine the integration of the local wisdom of the Duano Tribe's mussel tradition into biology learning in the Independent Curriculum. This tradition contains ecological knowledge, organismal adaptation, biomechanics of motion, as well as conservation values relevant to biological concepts. The research uses the Narrative Literature Review (NLR) design by examining articles published in 2018–2025 that discuss local wisdom, ethnopedagogy, coastal biology, and curriculum implementation. The analysis is carried out through thematic coding to identify concept patterns and potential integration in learning. The results of the study show that the tradition of mussels can be used to strengthen the understanding of coastal ecosystems, the morphological and physiological adaptation of blood mussels, as well as the issue of environmental change. The integration of local potential is also relevant for the development of inquiry-based learning activities and project-based learning, as well as supporting the achievement of the Pancasila Student Profile. Overall, this study confirms that the manongkah kerang tradition has strong educational value and can be implemented as a contextual learning resource to improve students' ecological competence, cultural identity, and environmental awareness.
The effects of combined black pepper extract and yogurt on histology of mice digestive organs
Black pepper contains piperine, which can irritate the digestive organs. Therefore, this study combined black pepper with yogurt containing probiotic bacteria, which are known to play a role in maintaining the balance of microbiota and digestive tract health. The objective of this study was to analyze the histopathology and histomorphometry of the digestive organs, particularly the stomach and small intestine, of mice (Mus musculus) after administration of a combination of black pepper extract and yogurt. The present study was conceptualized as an experimental study, employing a completely randomized design (CRD), encompassing five distinct treatments (distilled water, yogurt, a black pepper extract at a dose of 25, 50, 75 mg/kg BB, and yogurt. The results demonstrated that the thickness of the stomach wall in all treatment groups remained within the normal range. Treatment P2 demonstrated optimal outcomes, exhibiting a thickness of each layer of the stomach wall that ranged between the minimum and maximum values. In the small intestine, all histomorphometric parameters exhibited values that remained within the normal range. The conclusion of this research is combination did not result in an increase in gastric acid secretion and did not induce irritation to the gastric and small intestinal mucosa of mice.
Moonlight Ritual: An ethnobotanical study of the purnama ceremony in the hindu community of malang
Indonesia’s biodiversity and culture are interconnected through local knowledge that is increasingly threatened by modernization. This study aims to document local knowledge related to plant use in the Purnama ceremony of the Hindu community in Wagir District, Malang Regency, East Java. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results identified 24 plant species from 22 families used in ritual offerings. The findings highlight plant diversity, plant parts used, philosophical meanings, and conservation efforts. Most species were used in fresh form and were classified as Least Concern based on IUCN data. These results indicate that the Purnama ceremony supports the preservation of local knowledge and culturally based biodiversity conservation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Chandra Mustikasari, Nafi' Windy Kharisma, Syifa Nabila Firdausya, Ade Fandy Ardiyansyah Putra, Fahrul Ghani Muhaimin, Karin Anindita Widya Pitaloka, Susriyati Mahanal
Population structure and local utilization of spider conch (lambis lambis) in abang island waters, batam
This study explores the population structure, spatial distribution, and community utilization of Lambis lambis on Abang Island as a foundation for species conservation and community-based management. The research aims to examine the population structure and distribution patterns of Lambis lambis as well as its utilization by fishing communities on Abang Island, Batam. Data were collected using a 50-meter quadrat transect method with observation plots measuring 5 m × 5 m, along with measurements of environmental parameters (dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity). The results indicate low population density (0.012–0.028 ind/m²) and a clustered distribution pattern (Morisita Index > 1). A positive correlation was found between dissolved oxygen and population density, while high temperature showed a negative correlation. These findings suggest that environmental pressure and exploitation influence the spatial distribution of Lambis lambis. This study provides a scientific basis for community-based management and species conservation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rentik Nurisma Airani, Yarsi Efendi, Fauziah Syamsi
Symbolism of domestic pig (sus scrofa domesticus) in karmawibhangga reliefs: Ethnozoological relevance for character education
The domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) is depicted in the Karmawibhangga reliefs of Borobudur Temple, Central Java. Despite its visual presence, scientific studies discussing its symbolic meaning from ethnozoological and character education perspectives remain limited. As a representation of culture and spirituality, the depiction of the pig carries profound philosophical significance. This study aims to examine its symbolic meaning and identify character education values within these narrative panels. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and ethnographic methods, this research involves visual documentation, literature reviews, and interviews with archaeology and zoology experts. Observations were conducted at the Borobudur Museum and Cultural Heritage site, supported by morphological analysis from relevant literature. Results indicate that pigs appear in panels 9 and 74. Morphometric analysis reveals high anatomical accuracy, with body proportion similarity reaching 92.24%. These findings confirm that the pig is not merely a decorative element but a narrative supporting component conveying character education values, including: religiosity, tolerance, discipline, curiosity, appreciation of achievement, friendliness and communicative attitude, love of peace, environmental awareness, and responsibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yohana Desta Puspitasari, Setiyo Prajoko, Ika Sukmawati
The experiential learning model based on household waste for the understanding of plant cell concepts
The persistent weakness in students' mastery of plant cell concepts indicates a structural problem in conventional science instruction, particularly the lack of direct conceptual construction experiences. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the experiential learning model based on household waste affects students' conceptual understanding of plant cell material. This study examines the impact of experiential learning using improvised microscopes assembled from household waste materials on eighth-grade students at MTs Negeri 3 Kota Palu. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group design. Two classes were purposively selected: class VIII F as the experimental group and class VIII H as the control group. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test essay instruments aligned with conceptual understanding indicators. Statistical analysis showed a significant effect, indicated by an independent sample t-test significance value of 0.000, below the 0.05 level. The experimental group obtained higher mean post-test scores than the control group, demonstrating that experiential learning supported by simple waste-based microscopes effectively improves students' conceptual understanding of plant cells in science learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 sitti aisyah, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah, Indri pratiwi
Analysis of the learning model implementation learning cycle 5e in science learning
Science learning at the junior high school level plays an important role in developing students’ science process skills as the foundation of scientific literacy. However, classroom practices still tend to emphasize content mastery rather than learning processes and systematic skill development. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the 5E Learning Cycle model in acid–base learning, focusing on the development of students’ science process skills at each learning stage. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving Grade VII students. Data were collected through classroom observations, documentation of student activities, and analysis of science process skills that emerged during learning, and were analyzed thematically. The results indicate that the 5E Learning Cycle supports student-centered learning and facilitates the gradual development of science process skills. The Engagement stage builds students’ cognitive readiness and motivation. Exploration becomes the main phase for developing basic process skills through experimental activities. Explanation and Elaboration support data interpretation, communication, and application of concepts, while Evaluation functions as a reflection on students’ understanding and learning processes. The study concludes that the 5E Learning Cycle can be effectively implemented in authentic classroom contexts with limited resources and provides both theoretical and practical contributions to process-oriented science learning.
Analysis of the utilization of PhET colorado simulation in learning science
PhET is an instructional medium with high attractiveness for science learning. This study aimed to analyze the utilization of the PhET Colorado simulation in teaching science learning in junior high school science. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to explore how teachers and students engaged with the PhET simulation during the learning process. The participants consisted of 34 seventh-grade students and four science teachers selected purposively. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and documentation analysis, including lesson plans and worksheets. Observations focused on teacher implementation and student activities, while questionnaires examined students’ interest, ease of use, and conceptual understanding. The results showed that the utilization of PhET was categorized as good to very good, with an average teacher implementation score of 84.25% and student activity of 81.76%. Student responses were highly positive (86.32%), particularly in helping them understand abstract concepts. Teachers reported that PhET increased student engagement and supported conceptual visualization, although challenges related to limited devices and time management remained. In conclusion, PhET Colorado simulation is an effective and interactive medium for teaching science learning. Its successful integration requires careful instructional planning, sufficient resources, and structured guidance to optimize learning outcomes.
Improving visual-spatial ability through anatomy apron in respiratory system learning
This study was undertaken to address the ongoing challenges students encounter in comprehending abstract anatomical ideas, especially those necessitating robust visual-spatial abilities, attributed to the inadequate utilization of tangible learning resources in science classes. This study investigates the impact of anatomical teaching aids on the visual-spatial abilities of eighth-grade students studying the human respiratory system at MTs Negeri 3 Palu. A quasi-experimental approach utilizing a pretest-posttest control group was implemented. The sample comprised 36 students, allocated into an experimental group of 18 students and a control group of 18 students. The experimental group utilized an anatomical apron as a teaching tool, whereas the control group was instructed by conventional memorizing techniques. A validated 15-item assessment was employed to evaluate pupils' visual-spatial abilities. Data were investigated utilizing N-Gain computations and an independent samples t-test subsequent to the fulfillment of normality and homogeneity assumptions. The findings indicated that the experimental group's average N-Gain score was classified as high and surpassed that of the control group. The t-test analysis produced a significance (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (< 0.05), signifying the rejection of H?. The findings indicate that anatomical apron teaching aids enhance students' visual-spatial abilities in the study of the human respiratory system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tasya Khaeratunnisa, Arda Arda, Siti Rabiatul Adawiyah
Mapping the global research landscape of STEAM education: A bibliometric study of interdisciplinary learning approaches
STEAM education has become an increasingly prominent focus in formal education, emphasizing the interdisciplinary integration of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics. However, comprehensive studies mapping global research trends and thematic developments in STEAM remain limited. This study aims to analyze global STEAM research trends, identify influential contributors, and examine thematic evolution through bibliometric analysis. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with bibliometric analysis of 184 Scopus-indexed articles published between 2015 and October 2025. Data were analyzed using VOS viewer and Bibliometrix to explore publication patterns, collaboration networks, and thematic clusters. The findings indicate a significant growth in publications, particularly from 2022 to 2025, with the United States, China, and Spain as leading contributors. Lavicza, Z., and Johannes Kepler University Linz were identified as the most productive contributors. Thematic analysis revealed key clusters, including project-based learning, creativity, computational thinking, art integration, and maker-centered learning, reflecting a shift toward transdisciplinary approaches. These results highlight the evolving direction of STEAM education and suggest opportunities for future research in local implementation, technology integration, and authentic assessment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rifki Aldiansyah, Paidi Paidi, Kintan Limiansi
Development of a problem-based learning biology learning website on the body defense system material
The development of digital technology encourages the use of learning media that increase student engagement and problem-solving abilities. However, biology learning about the body's defense system material is still dominated by conventional methods, making it less than optimal in training these abilities. This study aims to develop and test the feasibility of a WordPress-based Problem-Based Learning (PBL) biology learning website. The study employed the ADDIE model, which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Research subjects involved media experts, material experts, biology teachers, grade XI students, and teachers from MAN in Bekasi City. Data were collected through validation questionnaires and response questionnaires. The research results show that the learning website has very high validity with percentages of 88.8% (media expert) and 92% (material expert), very high practicality with percentages of 90% (teachers) and 94.7% (students), and 89% effectiveness in the effective category. The PBL-based biology learning website is declared suitable for use as a learning medium on body defense system material.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zakiatul Masithoh, Zulfiani Zulfiani, Solihin Solihin
Exploration of students' perceptions of science practicals as a bridge to meaningful learning
Twenty-first-century science education requires not only conceptual mastery but also the development of scientific process skills and critical thinking. Laboratory work plays a central role in achieving these goals; however, its effectiveness is often limited by “cookbook-style” procedures that fail to promote deep cognitive engagement. This study aimed to explore students’ perceptions of science practicums as indicators of Meaningful Learning (Pembelajaran Bermakna/PBM). Using a qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design, this research involved twelve purposively selected Grade VIII students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that students perceive meaningful learning as conceptual understanding that can be applied to everyday life rather than mere memorization. Science practicums were viewed as an effective means of achieving PBM, particularly due to the quality of teacher guidance, clear instructions, and opportunities for group collaboration. Although limited laboratory equipment and materials were identified as the main constraints, these limitations did not substantially hinder students’ conceptual understanding. The study concludes that strong pedagogical interactions can bridge hands-on and minds-on learning and support the implementation of competency-based curricula.
Lansium domesticum metabolites interfere with digestive enzyme function in the rice weevil sitophilus oryzae
Pectin methylesterase (PME) plays a key role in polysaccharide digestion in the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae, making it a potential molecular target for pest control. This study employed structure-based in silico analysis to evaluate selected metabolites of Lansium domesticum as PME inhibitors. Representative compounds were chosen according to predicted interference mechanisms and docked into the validated catalytic site. All complexes showed structural stability, while interaction patterns revealed six inhibition modes: competitive mimicry, catalytic disruption, orientation interference, channel blocking, polymer mimicry, and interfacial modulation, whereas polyphenols and glycosides produced the strongest interference. The findings indicate that L. domesticum metabolites can disrupt digestive enzymatic processes through multiple complementary pathways, supporting their potential development as biologically derived pest management agents.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yadi Oktariansyah, Ferta Liza Putri, Yuniar Harvianti, Eva Musifa
Local wisdom integration in science learning through culturally responsive teaching on students’ learning interests
Science learning in schools still tends to be abstract and lacks a connection between the material and students' daily life contexts, resulting in low learning interest. This study is intended to investigate the influence of local wisdom-based science learning through the Culturally Responsive Teaching approach on students' learning interest. It is a quantitative study that has a quasi-experimental design and a non-equivalent control group design with 37 seventh-grade students of MTs. N 3 Parigi, a total of twenty participants were included in the experimental group, and seventeen participants were allocated to the control group. A Likert scale questionnaire with 16 validated statement items measured learning interest data, which were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The analysis showed that the experimental group achieved a greater mean rank of 23.45 than the control group of 13.76, and the observed difference was significant in statistical terms (p= 0.007, p < 0.05). Learning that connects science concepts with local cultural contexts makes learning more relevant and meaningful for students, thereby encouraging higher emotional and cognitive engagement. This study concludes that local wisdom-based science learning through the Culturally Responsive Teaching approach has a significant effect on students' learning interest.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mardatila Mardatila, Muhammad Djamil M. Nur, Siti Rabiatul Adawiyah
Science assessment design based on environmental damage issues to strengthen students' literacy and numeracy competencies
Strengthening literacy and numeracy is a mandate of national education policy, as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 57 of 2021 and implemented through the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM). However, science assessments in schools are still dominated by memorization-based questions that do not integrate real-world contexts and data representation. This study aims to develop and formatively validate a science assessment design for environmental change material based on Environmental Damage Issues to integrate literacy and numeracy contextually and ensure its feasibility and acceptability by junior high school students. The study used an educational design research approach with the Tessmer formative evaluation model. Data were collected through expert validation and student responses in one-to-one, small group, and field test stages, then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that 25 items were deemed feasible and acceptable. The integration of narrative text, graphs, tables, and diagrams encouraged data interpretation and contextual problem-solving.
Think pair share learning model based on 3d media in developing students' critical thinking skills
Critical thinking skills is one of the essential competencies that must be developed in science learning, especially in the 21st century, as it enables students to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems effectively. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) learning model based on three-dimensional (3D) media on the critical thinking skill of seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 10 Palu on the topic of marine ecosystems. This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of two classes, namely the experimental and control classes, selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was an essay test consisting of 10 questions developed based on indicators of critical thinking, including interpretation, analysis, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene homogeneity test, and independent sample t-test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The hypothesis testing result obtained a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that there was a significant difference in students’ critical thinking skills between the experimental and control classes after the treatment. These findings suggest that the implementation of the Think-Pair-Share learning model based on 3D media has a significant positive effect on improving students’ critical thinking skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mutmainnah Mutmainnah, Muhammad Djamil M Nur, Siti Rabiatul Adawiyah
Culture optimization for keratinase production by thermophilic bacillus licheniformis AAL3 in keratin waste biodegradation
Keratin waste is highly recalcitrant due to its complex protein structure, requiring efficient biodegradation strategies. This study aimed to evaluate and optimize keratinase production of thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis AAL3 isolated from the Air Putih hot spring, Lebong, Bengkulu. Qualitative keratinolytic activity was determined using feather meal agar, while quantitative enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically based on tyrosine release. The isolate exhibited a higher keratinolytic index (5.0) compared to B. licheniformis SCL2 (1.5). Quantitative analysis showed that AAL3 produced higher cell density (8.9 × 10? CFU/mL) and keratinase activity (1.0074 U/mL). Optimization studies revealed that maximum keratinase production occurred at 60 °C and pH 9. Among the tested carbon sources, 1% glucose resulted in the highest cell growth and enzyme activity, whereas 0.4% peptone was the most effective nitrogen source. The results demonstrate a strong positive correlation between bacterial growth and keratinase production. These findings indicate that B. licheniformis AAL3 has significant potential as a thermophilic keratinase producer for biotechnological applications, particularly in keratin waste biodegradation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yuniar Harvianti, Muharni Muharni, Yadi Oktariansyah, Khairatul Hasanah
The use of augmented reality in cell structure learning to improve students’ conceptual understanding
This study is important due to the need for innovative learning media to help students understand abstract biological concepts effectively. This study aims to determine the effect of utilizing Augmented Reality (AR) in cell structure learning on the improvement of students' conceptual understanding at SMP Negeri 1 Aifat Timur. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a nonequivalent control group design. The research sample consists of two classes, namely the experimental class using AR and the control class with conventional learning. The instrument used was a concept understanding test administered through a pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, independent sample t-tests, and N-Gain. The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control classes with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The average improvement (N-Gain) of the experimental class was 0.63 (moderate), higher than that of the control class at 0.38. These findings indicate that AR effectively enhances students' conceptual understanding. The novelty lies in applying AR as an interactive medium to visualize abstract cell structures at the junior high level, supporting improved biology education quality.
Enhancing students’ communication and collaboration skills through project-based learning in biology
Biology learning requires mastery of concepts as well as communication and collaboration skills relevant to the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing deep learning-based Project-Based Learning (PjBL) compared to deep learning-based Direct Instruction (DI) on students’ communication and collaboration skills. The study employed a quasi-experimental method using a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of two 12th-grade classes at State High School 3 Makassar, selected through purposive sampling. The instruments consisted of validated questionnaires on communication and collaboration skills. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the learning model had a significant effect on communication skills (F=53.59; p<0.05) and collaboration skills (F=8.89; p<0.05) after controlling for initial ability. The posttest average for communication in the PjBL class (84.81) was higher than that in the DI class (70.60), as was the case for collaboration (81.26 vs. 74.00). This study concludes that the deep learning-based PjBL model is more effective than the deep learning-based DI model in improving students’ communication and collaboration skills in biotechnology learning.
Ethnobotany of plant in the mopat asam ritual of dayak limbai tribe, tanjung beringin village
The Dayak Limbai tribe is one of the indigenous communities that still strongly uphold traditions and local wisdom in their daily lives. One such tradition is the Mopat Asam ritual, a customary ceremony related to pregnancy and the birth of a first child, which carries deep spiritual and social significance. Plants play an important role in this ritual, as they are believed to have symbolic, spiritual, and functional value. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of plants used and how they are utilized in the Mopat Asam ritual. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method through survey techniques and data collection using interview sheets. Data analysis was carried out using a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that there are 18 plant species from 9 families used in the Mopat Asam ritual, with the Zingiberaceae family being the most dominant.